""" Show how to use arrays including declaration, literals and allocation. An array type is any type followed by empty square brackets such as: int[] bool[] Customer[] An array literal is like a list literal, but prefixed by an @ such as: @[1, 2, 3] @['foo', 'bar'] An array instantiation follows the general form TYPE(ARGS) where ARGS is the size of the array such as: int[](100) char[](bufSize) Note that generic lists are more flexible and convenient than arrays. Therefore, they are preferred over arrays except when a method interface requires an array or in extreme performance situations. For argument types, IList<of> is ideal because it can accept both arrays and lists. """ class ArraysExample shared def sum(nums as int[]) as int # nums arg is array of int test nums = @[1, 2, 3] # array literal inferred as type int[] assert nums.length == 3 assert nums[2] == 3 assert ArraysExample.sum(nums) == 6 # instantiate a 'blank' array of a specific size lottaNums = int[](100) # Array contents are initialized to the 'default value' for the # type (0 in this case). The general format for instantiation is: # <var-name> = <type>(<args>) # and in the case of arrays, the <type> is an array type # (suffixed by "[]") and <args> is the length of the array, # so the array allocation form is: # <var-name> = <type>[](<length>) # such as: # nums = number[](100) assert lottaNums.length == 100 assert lottaNums[9] == 0 assert ArraysExample.sum(lottaNums) == 0 body sum = 0 for num in nums, sum += num return sum def sum(nums as IList<of int>) as int # This method is more easily reused because it accepts any array, # list or any object that implements IList. sum = 0 for num in nums, sum += num return sum def moreHowTo nums as int[] = int[](2) # explicitly typed local var assert nums.length == 2 assert ArraysExample.sum(nums) == 0 nums[0] = 10 nums[1] = 11 assert ArraysExample.sum(nums) == 21 # compare arrays assert nums == @[10, 11] # another example n = 1024 ch = char[](n) for i in n, ch[i] = c'z' # convert a list to an array assert [10, 11].toArray == @[10, 11] def main # example passing array to .NET library method # .NET String.split() expects an array of chars parts = 'a|b:c'.split(@[c'|', c':']) assert parts.length == 3 for part in parts assert part in ['a', 'b', 'c'] class BinaryFileReader is abstract """ Abstract class that shows array handling for .NET binary file API. Reads a file in fixed size chunks. Subclass and override .handleBuf to provide content handling. Sample array code is in the _readStream method. """ var _fileName as String? var _stream as Stream? var _bufSize as int cue init(fileName as String) .init(fileName, 1024) cue init(fileName as String, bufSize as int) base.init _fileName = fileName _bufSize = bufSize cue init(stream as Stream) .init(stream, 1024) cue init(stream as Stream, bufSize as int) base.init _stream = stream _bufSize = bufSize def readFile if _fileName using stream = FileStream(_fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read) _readStream(stream) else _readStream(_stream to !) def readStandardInput using _stream = Console.openStandardInput _readStream(_stream to !) def _readStream(stream as Stream) bufSize = _bufSize buffer = uint8[](bufSize) offset = 0 using br = BinaryReader(stream) nRead = br.read(buffer, 0, bufSize) while nRead > 0 .handleBuf(buffer, nRead, offset) offset += nRead nRead = br.read(buffer, 0, bufSize) .fileEnd(offset) def handleBuf(buffer as uint8[], nRead as int, offset as int) is abstract """ Called on each buffer read, whether filled or partially filled. """ def fileEnd(offset as int) is abstract """ Called on eof before file closed. """ |
How To Use Arrays